tactical-headset

A stereo/binaural tactical headset: part two

So a few weeks back, a couple of tactical headsets turned up ordered from Amazon. When I tested them out, the first thing I found was the speaker audio, whilst okay for speech, was very tinny. I wanted a headset that I could tolerate wearing for horse endurance ride events where I often need to juggle a notepad, radio and maybe a tablet or keyboard. A headset works well for this. Also, if there’s a rain event and you’re under a canvas roof, hearing the radio can be a real challenge!

At the same time I wanted to be able to hear ambient noises, so I needed something that didn’t completely enclose me off. If IRoQ ever starts up again, I might be re-thinking this but for now, this is what I’m doing.

The two I bought are “bowman”-style headsets, which are normally mono. I wanted a stereo headset, so bought two, figuring they’re modular enough that I should be able to cobble them into one. I didn’t expect to have to do surgery on them, but there you go. I dug through my junk box, and found an old computer headset that was minus its microphone with 30mm drivers in it and foam ear pads. Pretty cheap set that you can probably buy at a corner-store computer shop for no more than about $15.

As a test, I grabbed the dissected headset from the previous post, and heated up the soldering iron. I de-soldered the original speaker, grabbed a speaker from this computer headset, de-soldered it from its original cabling and tacked the two wires from the bowman headset to it. I then grabbed my Alinco set and tried a little listening. BIG improvement! No, not audiophile-grade, but not crappy telephone grade either!

The speaker out of the computer headset was glued to a piece of plastic that clipped to the earcup and provided a surface for the foam padding to stretch over. As such, it didn’t quite “fit” in the space of the old one — so I trimmed the plastic back a bit and found I could jam it in there quite snugly. I then just needed something to “hold” it there. Anyway, proof of concept done, time to attack the second victim.

I tore open the second bowman headset I had, and fired up the soldering iron to liberate its speaker. It’s a similar (but not identical) one to the other headset. Also, the foam spacer is a different shape — I guess they just grab whatever is laying around the workshop. (sounds familiar!)

The one on the left was pulled out of the second headset this morning. The one on the right is from the previous teardown.

I grabbed the other speaker from the computer headset, tacked it onto the wires and tested — it too sounded a lot better. A little trimming, and it was ready for permanent installation.

Now, if I just wanted mono headsets, I could have left it there, but I wanted one stereo one. The U94 connector does have enough conductors to support this if I common the microphone and speakers, but there’s already civilian and military “standards” for these things, I don’t need to muddy the waters further with a custom one! For now I thought I’ll use my DIN-5 connector standard for this. So rummaged through the junk box, found a DIN-5 plug and socket. I also grabbed a length of CAT5 cable (solid-core, although stranded would have been better).

I de-soldered the U94 cables from both headsets, stripped the jacket off the CAT5, and separated two pairs for each side. To each headset, I soldered two of the four pairs: left side – blue/white blue to speaker, brown/white brown to microphone; right side – orange/white orange to speaker, green/white green to microphone. I then soldered the other ends to my DIN-5 plug — paralleling the two microphone connections so that I could choose which side I used the microphone on. (Or even put one microphone on each side — this does work although it looks damn silly!)

I wired up the DIN-5 socket to one of the U94 cables, bridging left/right channels. My standard actually uses electret microphones, and I suspect these headsets use dynamic microphones. When I plugged in the headset into my tablet — the microphone was not detected, so I’d say the tablet was expecting a 2kOhm electret not a 900ohm dynamic. But, plugging everything into the PTT cable for the Alinco, it all works — and sounds a lot better.

I finished up by fabricating new pieces of plastic to hold the speakers in — an old 2L milk bottle gave up some PET plastic for the job. I cut an oval-shaped piece with a hole in the centre for the speaker’s sound, and glued that over the speaker. I note the plastic now covers the openings that I was supposed to hear through, but the impact is minimal.

I still need to do something better for cable retention, but I’ll think of something. Maybe hot glue…

The two new speakers installed.

For the headband, I ditched the top-band and just used the two elastic straps — one across the front, one around the back. I find this works well — although the headsets are designed to use a single elastic strap, I suspect the strap was designed with smaller heads in mind (often the way with Made-in-China stuff) — I found it got a tad uncomfortable after a couple of hours.

Mostly Finished headset.

With the two straps on this “stereo” set, it’s a lot more balanced and comfortable. Plus, the speakers being of higher quality, listening comfort is improved — a big plus given horse ride events can go 24 hours, and I’ll likely be there operating for that entire period.

I’ll have to source an alternate 5-pin connector for these — being dynamic microphones, compatibility with devices that expect electret microphones is not a given. Maybe I need to use 120° 5-pin DINs or something. Something other than a U94 or a standard DIN-5, because this is stereo (unlike normal U94 headsets) and uses a dynamic microphone (unlike my other headsets).

A stereo/binaural tactical headset

One thing I hate doing when I’m taking down notes at a radio comms event is juggling a hand-microphone and pen/paper/tablet/computer simultaneously. So I tend to prefer a headset for my radios rather than a hand-microphone. Some models (especially Kenwood) have lots of selections available, but some are very much restricted. In particular, I prefer a binaural headset as I find it more difficult to hear a voice on one side than via both sides — particularly in noisy conditions. The only options I could find for Yaesu/Alinco sets were big chunky earmuff headsets — great in those noisy situations, but not so great if you need situational awareness.

The plan thus is to cobble together my own binaural tactical headset. Stereo using my standard headset connection, so I can re-use it elsewhere.

I did have a Kenwood TH-D72A — a good solid performer… but sadly no longer manufactured (neither is its successor, not that Kenwood ever sold that here), and my particular specimen now refuses to have anything to do with the internal battery. I bought an Alinco DJ-G7T as a back-up hand-held for pure voice comms, and more recently a Yaesu FT5DR. I had made my own Kenwood headset adaptor to use with my headsets, but I had nothing equivalent for the Alinco or Yaesu sets.

As it happens, the headset pin-out of the Alinco is nearly identical to that of the earlier Yaesu VX-6/VX-7: 3.5mm threaded TRRS. Both radios put the speaker on the tip, microphone+PTT (in series) on the sleeve-most ring and 0V on the sleeve. Alinco use the tip-most ring for a 3.3V rail, whereas Yaesu use this same ring for a data/clone connection. Maybe it’s a UART which “idles” at 3.3V on Yaesu rigs, but I wouldn’t bet on all Yaesu accessories working on Alinco and vice-versa — however headsets rarely need a 3.3V rail. (Maybe the VOX ones do… not sure.)

The FT5DR is actually compatible with the earlier VX-6/VX-7, however the connector is on the side of the radio, and while the threaded 3.5mm connectors fit, they stick out the side like a sore thumb: a right-angled 3.5mm TRRS is a better “fit”.

Luckily, Amazon have quite a few options that convert these radios to a U94 “Nexus” military-style connector. I managed to pick up a U94 adaptor that works quite well with the Alinco, and does work with the Yaesu (although is mechanically not optimal due to the “straight” style of the plug and side-mounting of the socket).

Tactical headsets come in a few varieties:

  • ear-tube covert-style headsets
  • D-loop style
  • throat-mic headsets
  • “bowman”-style headband headsets
  • earmuff-style headsets
  • motorcycle headsets

The only ones of this list that are binaural out-of-the-box are the earmuff headsets and the motorcycle headsets. I figured I’d pick up a couple of cheap “bowman”-style ones and see if I can cobble two mono headsets into one stereo set. I looked around, and bought two of these.

The adaptor turned up a week or so ago, and the headsets turned up today. There’s two different varieties of pin-out for the U94 connector — the “NATO” standard interleaves the speaker and microphone pins, whereas the “civilian” standard puts the speaker on the sleeve/sleeve-most ring and microphone on the tip-most ring/tip. Both adaptor and headset turned out to be “civilian” standard, so the first hurdle was cleared.

I tested both headsets and confirmed they both worked. I tried the headsets both with voice comms, then tried tuning to a local FM broadcast station to assess audio quality. They work, but audio quality is not what I’d call wonderful. Very tinny, fine for voice comms, but maybe telephone quality at best. Ookay, so using these as a stereo headset can be done — but if I wanted to use them for anything but straight voice comms, I’d want to swap the speakers out for something decent. Tear-down time!

I picked a “victim” and attempted to disassemble it. These units appear to be glued together, so you wind up partially destroying them to get at the speaker:

The speaker is a conventional 8ohm 500mW jobbie, nothing remarkable… and a frequency response that’s truly awful for anything other than voice comms. Fine for the intended task, but as I say, not really sufficient for what I was after.

I’ll see if I can swap this speaker out with one liberated from some headphones and see about replacing the strip of plastic I had to unceremoniously and destructively rip out — this shouldn’t be a difficult job. The other thing that might help is some sound-damping material behind the speaker, which might account for some tinniness.

If I get this headset working acceptably, I’ll do the same mod to the other, then can look at wiring the two together into a stereo set using a DIN-5 matching my other headsets. I can then re-purpose the U94 plug to make an adaptor to convert my other headsets to use with the U94 adaptors.